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Hi Connor,
I am a student at the University of Northern Iowa, and there are several things we have been taught that I think will answer your question! The first thing that is important is to make sure students are engaged in their learning. Students who do not care about, or are not interested in the topic will have no desire to learn it. Taking brain breaks consitantly throughout the lesson and allowing students to participate in the lesson are two good ways to make sure students are on-task and paying attention. There are several other ways to ensure students are on-task and paying attention though. One way is to have students fill out a Predict, Observe, Explain (P.O.E.) chart. While participating in the lesson, students will fill out what they think is going to happen, then what they observed. After the lesson is nearly over, students will fill out the explain part of the POE chart. This will help check for student's understanding while also keeping students on-task. Something similar to the POE chart is the KLEWS (Know, Learning, Evidence, Wondering, Scientific Concepts) chart. The concept is the same as the POE chart, but it is asking for some different information from the students. Both of these charts keep students on-task and paying attention; they also help you to understand what your students know and don't know!
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