In this chapter, the purpose of the activity is to help students understand how natural selection can shape the traits of a population found in different habitats over time and how aposematic coloration (i.e., the bright colors of bad tasting or venomous organisms) and Batesian mimicry (i.e., harmless organisms that look like dangerous ones) are adaptations that serve as a defense against predators. This activity also helps students learn how to engage in practices such as using models, constructing explanations, arguing from evidence, and communicating information. This activity is also designed to give students an opportunity to learn how to write in science and develop their speaking and listening skills.