This chapter, by Michael A. Gibson, discusses an adaptable instruction activity used in undergraduate Earth science courses with preservice teachers to illustrate the gains in conceptual understanding that result from firsthand data collection and analysis. The activity connects sea-level change throughout history to local areas in which sea level cannot be directly observed. It allows learners to construct a conceptual model of the Earth science idea of “deep time,” while fostering opportunities for inquiry related to issues that have arisen over long spans of geologic activity. The type of interactive, phenomenon based learning aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). It can help teachers address controversial topics by allowing learners to arrive at their own conclusions. Teacher background information, standards, assessments, references, and resources are provided. This book selection also includes the Table of Contents, Foreword, Preface, Acknowledgments, and Index.