“How is this education reform different from any other reform?” In the context of this chapter, the answer to this question is what differentiates STEM reform from other reforms, such as the Sputnik era. This chapter has three parts. The first part uses global challenges to present themes that connect globalization and STEM education. The second section will cover other themes, such as economics, that will be unique to many in the STEM education community. The third part presents 21st-century skills and innovations implied by global challenges. The sample chapter also includes the Table of Contents, Preface, Introduction, and Index.